SS-31
Also known as: Elamipretide, Bendavia, MTP-131, Szeto-Schiller peptide 31
Mitochondria-targeting peptide — protects cellular energy production in heart, muscle, and kidney.
Molecular structure image coming soon
Research use only. Phase III trials ongoing. Not FDA-approved for any indication as of 2025.
Overview
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a cell-permeable peptide that targets the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it stabilizes cardiolipin — a phospholipid critical for electron transport chain efficiency. It has shown remarkable protective effects in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and renal conditions. Currently in Phase III clinical trials for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Mechanism of Action
SS-31 concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane and interacts with cardiolipin, preventing its oxidation and maintaining the structure of electron transport chain supercomplexes. This reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, maintains ATP synthesis, and prevents mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening during cellular stress.
Use Cases
- ✓Heart failure protection and treatment
- ✓Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury
- ✓Chronic kidney disease (Phase II data)
- ✓Muscle weakness and fatigue (mitochondrial)
- ✓Age-related mitochondrial dysfunction
- ✓Exercise performance and recovery
Research Summary
Phase II PROGRESS-HF trial showed significant improvements in 6-minute walk distance in heart failure patients. Phase III HEART-FID trial of elamipretide ongoing. Multiple Phase I/II trials in cardiac surgery, renal disease, and mitochondrial myopathy. Landmark research from Hazel Szeto at Weill Cornell.
Typical Dosing
Clinical trials: 40 mg/day subcutaneous. Research protocols: 0.01–10 mg/kg. Dosing varies significantly by indication.
Administration
Research Chemical
Research use only. Phase III trials ongoing. Not FDA-approved for any indication as of 2025.
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